Capitalism and underdevelopment in Africa: a critical essay

African Studies Center Working Paper No. 4

Custom, class, and the "informal" sector: or, why marginality is not likely to pay

African Studies Center Working Paper No.

Access to justice in the community courts: a limited right?

This article examines access to the European Court of Justice under Art.230 EC, relating to judicial review, and submits that the approach to locus standi for natural and legal persons under that article is both inconsistent and inappropriate. It is argued that other avenues of redress are often limited, the European Court of Justice has contradicted its own jurisprudence from other areas, the judicial review process has the potential to reduce the Community's democratic deficit, the jurisprudence is out of step with that of Member States and the approach contravenes rights protected by the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union. The article concludes with proposals for reform of Art.230 EC

CRFM Consultancy Report on Review of Existing Policy, Legal and Institutional Arrangements for Governance and Management of Flyingfish Fisheries in the Caribbean Large Marine Ecosystem

Many of the marine resources in the Caribbean are considered to be fully or overexploited. A Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis identified three priority transboundary problems that affect the CLME: unsustainable exploitation of fish and other living resources, the degradation and modification of natural habitats, pollution and contamination. The fourwing flyingfish fishery is the single most important small pelagic fishery in the southern Lesser Antilles. It is a shared resource, which has been traditionally exploited by seven different States, i.e. Barbados, Dominica, Grenada, Martinique, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and Trinidad and Tobago. With expanding fleet capacity and limited cooperation among the States exploiting the flyingfish, there is concern that the resource may become overfished. While the flyingfish fishery is a directed fishery, it is at the same time part of a multi-species, multi-gear fishery, which also targets regional large pelagic species.This case study identifies and analyses the priority transboundary problems and issues. The policy, legal and institutional reforms needed to address such transboundary issues and achieve long-term conservation and sustainable use of the resources are also identified. A major and necessary component of the case study is an evaluation of the existing policy cycles and linkages among the countries and institutions involved with the flyingfish fishery

Firm Incentives for Invention Prizes with Multiple Winners

This paper considers several multiple winner models where firms compete for invention prizes determined by the social planner. The short-run model, with a fixed number of firms, can result in negative expected societal benefit where welfare gains are totally dissipated. In the long-run model, with entry and exit, it is demonstrated that there is always a positive net welfare gain. The final model developed is one where the social planner sets the prize and the number of firms. Under certain conditions that model results in smaller total research expenditures than in the long-run model.

Long-Range Spectral Statistics of Classically Integrable Systems --Investigation along the Line of the Berry-Robnik Approach--

Extending the argument of Ref.\citen{[4]} to the long-range spectral statistics of classically integrable quantum systems, we examine the level number variance, spectral rigidity and two-level cluster function. These observables are obtained by applying the approach of Berry and Robnik\cite{[0]} and the mathematical framework of Pandey \cite{[2]} to systems with infinitely many components, and they are parameterized by a single function $\bar{c}$, where $\bar{c}=0$ corresponds to Poisson statistics, and $\bar{c}\not=0$ indicates deviations from Poisson statistics. This implies that even when the spectral components are statistically independent, non-Poissonian spectral statistics are possible.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figure

Berry phase from a quantum Zeno effect

We exhibit a specific implementation of the creation of geometrical phase through the state-space evolution generated by the dynamic quantum Zeno effect. That is, a system is guided through a closed loop in Hilbert space by means a sequence of closely spaced projections leading to a phase difference with respect to the original state. Our goal is the proposal of a specific experimental setup in which this phase could be created and observed. To this end we study the case of neutron spin, examine the practical aspects of realizing the "projections," and estimate the difference between the idealized projections and the experimental implementation.Comment: 13 pages, 2 figure

Towards Economic Models for MOOC Pricing Strategy Design

MOOCs have brought unprecedented opportunities of making high-quality courses accessible to everybody. However, from the business point of view, MOOCs are often challenged for lacking of sustainable business models, and academic research for marketing strategies of MOOCs is also a blind spot currently. In this work, we try to formulate the business models and pricing strategies in a structured and scientific way. Based on both theoretical research and real marketing data analysis from a MOOC platform, we present the insights of the pricing strategies for existing MOOC markets. We focus on the pricing strategies for verified certificates in the B2C markets, and also give ideas of modeling the course sub-licensing services in B2B markets